Glossary of Terms

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Cache Memory used for the temporary storage of images during scanning. Caching images to an accelerator board can significantly improve scanner performance. Sometimes called prescan cache.

Capture
The automated process of capturing images of documents from scanners, fax machines and multifunction products, as well as electronic documents from various sources; transforming them into accurate and valid information; and delivering the images and information into business applications and repositories to support business processes and archives.

Capture Forms Also known as data capture forms. Typical data capture forms have a fill-in-the-gaps format, often having boxes to enter details of company name, requisition number, etc. The data captured on the forms is then scanned or manually entered into a database.

Capture Software Software licences sold through resellers or directlly to end users as a primary capture solution, as opposed to OEM or Point of Sale (POS) Software.

Central Site The location where Capture Controlling Software is installed on a server. Typically, the central site processes captured documents and data sent to it from remote sites.

Character Reconstruction The process of rebuilding text characters after a line removal operation (e.g., removing the signature line of a form, typically by using color dropout, so that only the signature remains). Helps maintain the integrity of the image to improve readability and OCR recognition.

Checksum An additional character added to a bar code providing a mathematical method for determining the integrity of the bar code. Not all bar code types support a checksum. Of the bar code types that do, some support an optional checksum while others support a mandatory checksum.

Classification Automatically determining a document's type by examining its format and/or content. The process of sorting documents by type (e.g., invoice, purchase order, vacation request form) to determine which capture techniques and subsequent processing methods (if any) should be applied. Automated document classification utilizes two main categories of techniques: text-based, which analyzes the content of the document, and image-based, which evaluates its layout. Each category can be divided into self-learning (probabilistic) or manual (rules-based) techniques, giving four methods overall. No one method works best for all types of documents, so optimal results are achieved by applying a mix of techniques.

COB Continuity Of Business. Companies develop COB plans to determine how, while recovering from a natural or man-made disaster, they can continue to operate and serve customers. High availability computing typically is an essential component of COB planning.

Color Dropout The removal of a specific color from a scanned image. Typically used for preprinted forms, so that the form itself does not appear in the scanned image, leaving only the information filled in by the user. This increases OCR effectiveness, and decreases data storage and bandwidth requirements.

Communication Software Communication software is used to provide remote access to systems and exchange files and real-time messages in text, audio and/or video formats between different computers or user IDs. This includes terminal emulators and file transfer programs.

Compression A software or hardware process that shrinks images so they occupy less storage space and can be transmitted faster. Generally, compression is accomplished by removing data that define blank spaces and other redundant information, and replacing them with a smaller symbolic code.

Compression Format The algorithm used to compress an image. There are a wide variety of compression formats such as CCITT Group 4, LZW, JPEG, PackBits, PCX, and others.

Content Management Content Management, or CM, is a set of processes and technologies that support the evolutionary life cycle of digital information. This digital information is often referred to as content or, to be precise, digital content. Digital content may take the form of text, such as documents, multimedia files, such as audio or video files, or any other file type which follows a content lifecycle which requires management.
As of May 2009, the world's digital content is estimated at 487 billion gigabytes, the equivalent of a stack of books stretching from Earth to Pluto ten times.

The process of content management
Content management practices and goals vary with mission. News organizations, e-commerce websites, and educational institutions all use content management, but in different ways. This leads to differences in terminology and in the names and number of steps in the process. Typically, though, the digital content life cycle consists of 6 primary phases: create, update, publish, translate, archive and retrieve. For example, an instance of digital content is created by one or more authors. Over time that content may be edited. One or more individuals may provide some editorial oversight thereby approving the content for publication. Publishing may take many forms. Publishing may be the act of pushing content out to others, or simply granting digital access rights to certain content to a particular person or group of persons. Later that content may be superseded by another form of content and thus retired or removed from use.
Content management is an inherently collaborative process. It often consists of the following basic roles and responsibilities:

Creator - responsible for creating and editing content.

Editor - responsible for tuning the content message and the style of delivery, including translation and localization.

Publisher - responsible for releasing the content for use.

Administrator - responsible for managing access permissions to folders and files, usually accomplished by assigning access rights to user groups or roles. Admins may also assist and support users in various ways.

Consumer, viewer or guest- the person who reads or otherwise takes in content after it is published or shared.

A critical aspect of content management is the ability to manage versions of content as it evolves (see also version control). Authors and editors often need to restore older versions of edited products due to a process failure or an undesirable series of edits.
Another equally important aspect of content management involves the creation, maintenance, and application of review standards. Each member of the content creation and review process has a unique role and set of responsibilities in the development and/or publication of the content. Each review team member requires clear and concise review standards which must be maintained on an ongoing basis to ensure the long-term consistency and health of the knowledge base.
A content management system is a set of automated processes that may support the following features:

Import and creation of documents and multimedia material

Identification of all key users and their roles

The ability to assign roles and responsibilities to different instances of content categories or types.

Definition of workflow tasks often coupled with messaging so that content managers are alerted to changes in content.

The ability to track and manage multiple versions of a single instance of content.

The ability to publish the content to a repository to support access to the content. Increasingly, the repository is an inherent part of the system, and incorporates enterprise search and retrieval.

Content management systems take the following forms:

a web content management system is software for web site management - which is often what is implicitly meant by this term

the work of a newspaper editorial staff organization

a workflow for article publication

a document management system

a single source content management system - where content is stored in chunks within a relational database

Implementations
Content management implementation must be able to manage content distributions and digital rights in content life cycle. Content management systems are usually involved with Digital Rights Management Systems to be able to control user access and digital right. In this step the read only structures of Digital Rights Management Systems force some limitations on Content Management implementations as they do not allow the protected contents to be changed in their life cycle. Creation of new contents using the managed(protected) ones is also another issue which will get the protected contents out of management controlling systems. There are a few Content Management implementations covering all these issues.

Content Management Systems A Content Management System (CMS) such as a document management system (DMS) is a computer application used to manage work flow needed to collaboratively create, edit, review, index, search, publish and archive various kinds of digital media and electronic text.
Content Management Systems are frequently used for storing, controlling, versioning, and publishing industry-specific documentation such as news articles, operators' manuals, technical manuals, sales guides, and marketing brochures. The content managed may include computer files, image media, audio files, video files, electronic documents, and Web content. These concepts represent integrated and interdependent layers. There are various nomenclatures known in this area: Web Content Management, Digital Asset Management, Digital Records Management, Electronic Content Management and so on. The bottom line for these systems is managing content and publishing, with a workflow if required.

Types of CMS
There are six main categories of CMS, with their respective domains of use:

Enterprise CMS (ECMS)

Web CMS (WCMS)

Document management system (DMS)

Mobile CMS

Component CMS

Media content management system

Continuous Scanning The ability to scan extra long images. Requires a scanner that supports this feature. Software like ImageControls supports continuous scanning for images up to 32K scan lines in length or width, which is about 9 feet at 300 DPI or 13 feet at 200 DPI. Sometimes called long scanning.

Contrast The range between the lightest and darkest shades in an image. A high-contrast image has fewer gray shades between black and white; a low contrast-image has more gray shades. Contrast determines how many gray shades are scanned and density determines the intensity of those shades. Contrast is sometimes called sensitivity.

Glossary compiled from a variety of sources, including Kofax, MS Tech Net and Wikipedia.

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C
Cache	Memory used for the temporary storage of images during scanning. Caching images to an accelerator board can significantly improve scanner performance. Sometimes called prescan cache.
Capture	The automated process of capturing images of documents from scanners, fax machines and multifunction products, as well as electronic documents from various sources; transforming them into accurate and valid information; and delivering the images and information into business applications and repositories to support business processes and archives.
Capture Forms	Also known as data capture forms. Typical data capture forms have a fill-in-the-gaps format, often having boxes to enter details of company name, requisition number, etc. The data captured on the forms is then scanned or manually entered into a database.
Capture Software	Software licences sold through resellers or directlly to end users as a primary capture solution, as opposed to OEM or Point of Sale (POS) Software.
Central Site	The location where Capture Controlling Software is installed on a server. Typically, the central site processes captured documents and data sent to it from remote sites.
Character Reconstruction	The process of rebuilding text characters after a line removal operation (e.g., removing the signature line of a form, typically by using color dropout, so that only the signature remains). Helps maintain the integrity of the image to improve readability and OCR recognition.
Checksum	An additional character added to a bar code providing a mathematical method for determining the integrity of the bar code. Not all bar code types support a checksum. Of the bar code types that do, some support an optional checksum while others support a mandatory checksum.
Classification	Automatically determining a document's type by examining its format and/or content. The process of sorting documents by type (e.g., invoice, purchase order, vacation request form) to determine which capture techniques and subsequent processing methods (if any) should be applied. Automated document classification utilizes two main categories of techniques: text-based, which analyzes the content of the document, and image-based, which evaluates its layout. Each category can be divided into self-learning (probabilistic) or manual (rules-based) techniques, giving four methods overall. No one method works best for all types of documents, so optimal results are achieved by applying a mix of techniques.
COB	Continuity Of Business. Companies develop COB plans to determine how, while recovering from a natural or man-made disaster, they can continue to operate and serve customers. High availability computing typically is an essential component of COB planning.
Color Dropout	The removal of a specific color from a scanned image. Typically used for preprinted forms, so that the form itself does not appear in the scanned image, leaving only the information filled in by the user. This increases OCR effectiveness, and decreases data storage and bandwidth requirements.
Communication Software	Communication software is used to provide remote access to systems and exchange files and real-time messages in text, audio and/or video formats between different computers or user IDs. This includes terminal emulators and file transfer programs.
Compression	A software or hardware process that shrinks images so they occupy less storage space and can be transmitted faster. Generally, compression is accomplished by removing data that define blank spaces and other redundant information, and replacing them with a smaller symbolic code.
Compression Format	The algorithm used to compress an image. There are a wide variety of compression formats such as CCITT Group 4, LZW, JPEG, PackBits, PCX, and others.
Content Management	Content Management, or CM, is a set of processes and technologies that support the evolutionary life cycle of digital information. This digital information is often referred to as content or, to be precise, digital content. Digital content may take the form of text, such as documents, multimedia files, such as audio or video files, or any other file type which follows a content lifecycle which requires management. As of May 2009, the world's digital content is estimated at 487 billion gigabytes, the equivalent of a stack of books stretching from Earth to Pluto ten times. The process of content management Content management practices and goals vary with mission. News organizations, e-commerce websites, and educational institutions all use content management, but in different ways. This leads to differences in terminology and in the names and number of steps in the process. Typically, though, the digital content life cycle consists of 6 primary phases: create, update, publish, translate, archive and retrieve. For example, an instance of digital content is created by one or more authors. Over time that content may be edited. One or more individuals may provide some editorial oversight thereby approving the content for publication. Publishing may take many forms. Publishing may be the act of pushing content out to others, or simply granting digital access rights to certain content to a particular person or group of persons. Later that content may be superseded by another form of content and thus retired or removed from use. Content management is an inherently collaborative process. It often consists of the following basic roles and responsibilities: Creator - responsible for creating and editing content. Editor - responsible for tuning the content message and the style of delivery, including translation and localization. Publisher - responsible for releasing the content for use. Administrator - responsible for managing access permissions to folders and files, usually accomplished by assigning access rights to user groups or roles. Admins may also assist and support users in various ways. Consumer, viewer or guest- the person who reads or otherwise takes in content after it is published or shared. A critical aspect of content management is the ability to manage versions of content as it evolves (see also version control). Authors and editors often need to restore older versions of edited products due to a process failure or an undesirable series of edits. Another equally important aspect of content management involves the creation, maintenance, and application of review standards. Each member of the content creation and review process has a unique role and set of responsibilities in the development and/or publication of the content. Each review team member requires clear and concise review standards which must be maintained on an ongoing basis to ensure the long-term consistency and health of the knowledge base. A content management system is a set of automated processes that may support the following features: Import and creation of documents and multimedia material Identification of all key users and their roles The ability to assign roles and responsibilities to different instances of content categories or types. Definition of workflow tasks often coupled with messaging so that content managers are alerted to changes in content. The ability to track and manage multiple versions of a single instance of content. The ability to publish the content to a repository to support access to the content. Increasingly, the repository is an inherent part of the system, and incorporates enterprise search and retrieval. Content management systems take the following forms: a web content management system is software for web site management - which is often what is implicitly meant by this term the work of a newspaper editorial staff organization a workflow for article publication a document management system a single source content management system - where content is stored in chunks within a relational database Implementations Content management implementation must be able to manage content distributions and digital rights in content life cycle. Content management systems are usually involved with Digital Rights Management Systems to be able to control user access and digital right. In this step the read only structures of Digital Rights Management Systems force some limitations on Content Management implementations as they do not allow the protected contents to be changed in their life cycle. Creation of new contents using the managed(protected) ones is also another issue which will get the protected contents out of management controlling systems. There are a few Content Management implementations covering all these issues.
Content Management Systems	A Content Management System (CMS) such as a document management system (DMS) is a computer application used to manage work flow needed to collaboratively create, edit, review, index, search, publish and archive various kinds of digital media and electronic text. Content Management Systems are frequently used for storing, controlling, versioning, and publishing industry-specific documentation such as news articles, operators' manuals, technical manuals, sales guides, and marketing brochures. The content managed may include computer files, image media, audio files, video files, electronic documents, and Web content. These concepts represent integrated and interdependent layers. There are various nomenclatures known in this area: Web Content Management, Digital Asset Management, Digital Records Management, Electronic Content Management and so on. The bottom line for these systems is managing content and publishing, with a workflow if required. Types of CMS There are six main categories of CMS, with their respective domains of use: Enterprise CMS (ECMS) Web CMS (WCMS) Document management system (DMS) Mobile CMS Component CMS Media content management system
Continuous Scanning	The ability to scan extra long images. Requires a scanner that supports this feature. Software like ImageControls supports continuous scanning for images up to 32K scan lines in length or width, which is about 9 feet at 300 DPI or 13 feet at 200 DPI. Sometimes called long scanning.
Contrast	The range between the lightest and darkest shades in an image. A high-contrast image has fewer gray shades between black and white; a low contrast-image has more gray shades. Contrast determines how many gray shades are scanned and density determines the intensity of those shades. Contrast is sometimes called sensitivity.